Ground connection for radio electric antenne



Jam 8, 1929. 1,697,948

H. CHIREIX GROUND CONNECTION FOR RADIO ELECTRIC ANTENNAE Filed Oct. '7, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 hbawcoz HENRI CHWEIX 3& his

Jan. 8, 1929. 1,697,948

H. CHIREIX GROUND CONNECTION FbR RADIO ELECTRIC NTENNAE Filed Oct. '7, 1922 2 Shegts-Sheet, 2

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Patented Jan. 8, 1929.

i is i T HENRI CHIR EIX, OF PARIS, FRANCE GROUND CONNECTION FOR RADIO ELECTRIC ANTENNZE.

Application filed October 7, 1922, Serial No. seaeae, and in France October 14, 1921.

It is known that, for the purpose of improving the ground connections of an antenna, a counter-poise may be associated with this ground connection. The present invention makes provision for a novel method of such association, and by means of this invention the maximum results are obtained from this association without aliecting the economy of the installation. 7

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which 7 Fig. 1 shows an arrangement old in the art.

Fig. 2 shows the application of my invention to an antenna such as shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 shows an arrangement for multiplex work according to my invention and Fig. 4 shows my invention applied to an antenna of the radial type.

5. This arrangement necessitates the insertion of a. react-ance 6 between the counterpoise and the antenna, which reactance is greater than the one connecting the antenna with ground. J

On the other hand, in accordance with the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, the connecting point 1 of the counter-poise is located in the unction between the source 3 and the ground 5, the source being connected with the antenna 4: through an inductance 7. In this manner I economize on inductance, the necessity for which was pointed out in the above, and notwithstanding this, the maximum effect. is obtained from the elements used, i. e. the ground connection losses are reduced to a minimum.

As a matter of fact, if the effective ohmic resistance or" the counter-poise is designated by p, and the ground connection byR, the results obtained from my exper mental research show that the current-s1 and I flowing in the two branches, and which are in phase because by its nature the counter-poise is tuned, will be to each other as inversely as the resistances which they traverse;

As known, this condition is necessary and sufficient to insure that the sum of the ohmic losses in the two resistancesshall be at a The circuits are usually arranged in the minimum. Due to the fact that the current flowing in antenna-4 and counterpoise 2 are not necessarily equal, owing to the fact that it is desirable to have some current flowing in the ground connection in order to minimize the total resistance losses in the ground connection and counterpoi'se, a certain voltage will exist in the system between the counterpoise and ground. This voltage is due to the fact that more lines of force are emanating from the antenna 4 and cutting the counterpoise 2 than are emanating from thecounterpoise 2 and cutting the antenna 4. It is desir-- able to control this voltage. This is accomplished by inductively coupling the inductances 6 and 7 whereby the, reactance 6 has a suitable electromotive force induced in it by the currents flowing in reactance, 7 to enable the currents to be distributed between the ground and the counterpoise 2 so as to obtain minimum ohmic losses. a

' The present invention is particularly appli-c-able to antennae which are divided for multiplex working. Each antenna section is provided witha counter-poise, which maybe tuned by any suitable and wellknown means to the wave length individual to the sending antenna section. On or between the various counter-poises compensating arrangements are provided (resonance plugs m'ntual inductance, self inductance) for 'annulling or reducing the induction effect of one counterpoise on the other. These devices may be combined with those used for compensating the reactions of the antenna sections between themselves.

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Assuming that multiplex work is used, the

installation will be arranged in the manner illustrated in Fig. 3. This figureexemplifies without limiting the application of the invention to multiplex working. Thej'unction point of the counter-poises 2 and 2 is always located between the sources Sand 3 and the ground 5. Compensating elements such as 7 and 7 are provided (formed e. g. by in- 'ductanceshaving a mutual induction co -efficient, which together with the self-induction of the antenna may be tuned, or by any other equivalent system) whereby the reaction of each section of antenna 4: 4 on its respective counter-poises, 2 2 is annulled in a manner similar to that in which the reaction between antenna 4: and counterpoise 2 in Fig. 2 is annulled as explained above. Another compensating element such as 9 (formed e. g.

by two inductances having an adjustable mutual induction coefficient, or by any other equivalent arrangement) makes it possible to annul the reaction of counter-poises 2 2 on each other. The adjustable inductance 10 constitutes the compensating element of the of these elements. For instance, if the two antenna sections are of the radial type, the wlres of counter-,poises 2 and 2 are preterablv staggered as shown in the plan view (Fig. 4) and it will not be necessary to provide a special compensating element for annulling the reaction of one counter-poise on the other, the effect of this reaction being to cause the circulation in the detuned counterpoise of a current, which is in phase with the one flowing in the tuned counter-poise. The whole counter-poise is used for each send ing. The above described arrangements may be applied to multiplex working, in which more than two messages are sent, by providing for each group of antennae and counterpoises arranged for a determined frequency, compensating elements which annul respec tively the actions of other groups operating at different frequencies. Obviously, each installation may be simplified by combining certain ones of these elements.

VHaving now described my invention, I declare that What I claim is: Y

1. An antenna system for multiplex transmission, comprising a plurality of sections, a counterpoise for each section, and magnetic coupling between counterpoises for neutralizing capacity coupling therebetween.

2. In a multiplex transmission system, the combination with an antenna having a plurality of sections, a counterpoise associated with each section, a high frequency source for feeding each section and'each source being connected to a common ground, an antenna loading coil inserted between each section and its associated source, and a coil in magcoupling between antenna sections,

means "for neutralizing the capacity coupling sociated with each section, a high frequency source for feeding each section and each sourcebeing connected to a common ground, an antenna loading coil inserted between each section and its associated source, and a coil in magnetic reactive relation therewith inserted between each counterpoise and the connection between source and ground.

41.. In a multiplex transmission system, the combination with an antennahaving a plurality of sections, a variable self-inductance connected between sections for neutralizing the reaction 'therebetween, a counterpoise as-- sociated with each section, a high frequency SOLl1C"fOI"ii6l1ng each sectlon and each sourcebeing'connected to a common ground,

an antenna loading coil inserted between each sect on and its associated source, and a coil in magnetic reactive relation therewith inserted between each counterpoise and the 7 connection between source and ground, and magnetic coupling between counterpoises :tor neutalizing the capacity coupling therebetween.

5, An antenna system comprising a plurality of sections and a counterpoise for each section, means for neutralizing the capacity and between counterpoises. r

6. An antenna system comprising a plurality of sections anda counterpoise for 63011 35. SQCtlOll, a variable inductance connected be-' tween antenna sections for neutraliZing'reaction therebetween, and magneticcoupling between counterpoises ior neutralizing capac ity coupling therebetween.

7. In radio signalling apparatus, the com bination of an antenna having a plurality of sections a counterpoise for each section,

means for neutralizing the reaction between I each antenna sect-ion and its counterpoise, means for neutralizing the reaction of the counterpoises upon eachother, and means for neutralizing the reaction of the antenna sections upon each other.

' II. CHIREIXQ 

